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While back pain is perhaps the most common pain complaint of adults and all adults have had back pain at some time in their life, back pain is much rarer in children and may be the initial symptom of an underlying disease process. This is especially true in younger children (i.e., before the teenage years) [...]

Proper exercises to strengthen the lower back and abdominal muscles are key in preventing excess stress and compressive forces on lumbar disks. You can help prevent a herniated disk by avoiding sudden twisting motions, learning to lift heavy objects properly, or avoiding heavy lifting. Use proper lifting techniques, such as lifting by squatting and bending [...]

Unless serious neurologic symptoms occur, herniated disks can initially be treated with pain medication and up to 48 hours of bed rest. There is no proven benefit from resting more than 48 hours. Patients are then encouraged to gradually increase their activity. Pain medications, including antiinflammatories, muscle relaxers, or in severe cases, narcotics, may be [...]

The treatment for vast majority of patients with a herniated disc does not normally include surgery. Eighty percent of patients will respond to conservative therapy when followed for a period of five years. Treatment is most effective when a patient and a doctor have a good relationship and the patient understands the rationale behind the [...]

The nerves of the body exit the spine at each spinal level in the low back, mid back, and neck. A herniated disk can produce symptoms anywhere along the course of that nerve, though the injury and irritation of the nerve are at the spine itself. (This is known as referred pain, as the pain [...]

The bones (vertebrae) of the spinal column run down the back, connecting the skull to the pelvis. These bones protect nerves that come out of the brain and travel down your back, forming the spinal cord. Nerve roots are large nerves that branch out from the spinal cord and leave your spinal column between each [...]

A slipped disk also known as a herniated or prolapsed disk occurs when the ligaments that support and surround the flat, platelike cushions between the vertebrae in the spine begin to weaken. A back strain may cause one of these ligaments to break, allowing the disk material to squeeze out from between the vertebra and [...]

The appropriate treatment of patients with isthmic spondylolisthesis is just as controversial as the cause of symptoms. Patients with isthmic spondylolisthesis are usually divided into two general classes for both treatment and for study: low grade isthmic spondylolisthesis (50% slip). Patients with low grade spondylolisthesis are usually young adults (90% adults and 10% adolescents) who [...]

The doctor will perform a physical exam. A straight leg raise may be uncomfortable or painful.X-ray of the spine can show if a vertebra is out of place, and whether there are any fractures. A number of test may be used to aid in the diagnosis of spondylolisthesis and to locate the affected bone, including: [...]

spinal curvature deformity diseases. Scoliosis causes your spine to curve sideways and kypohosis is marked by excessive front to back curving. Scoliosis has the appearance of uneven shoulders or hips. Kyphosis presents with a slouch or hunchback posture. Both are known to cause back pain symptoms. The cause of adolescent scoliosis and slouching kyphosis are [...]