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Diabetes – What is Type 2 Diabetes? | Type 2 Diabetes | Diabetes For Type 2

Diabetes mellitus type 2 or type 2 diabetes is a disorder that is characterized by high blood glucose in the context of insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency.There is currently no known cure for the condition, but it is often initially managed by increasing exercise and dietary modification. As the condition progresses, medications are typically needed.Type 2 diabetes, once known as adult-onset or noninsulin-dependent diabetes, is a chronic condition that affects the way your body metabolizes sugar, your body’s main source of fuel.When you have type 2 diabetes, your body is resistant to the effects of insulin a hormone that regulates the movement of sugar into your cells or your body doesn’t produce enough insulin to maintain a normal glucose level. Untreated, the consequences of type 2 diabetes can be life threatening.

When sugar cannot enter cells, abnormally high levels of sugar build up in the blood. This is called hyperglycemia. High levels of blood sugar often trigger the pancreas to produce more and more insulin, but it not enough to keep up with the body’s demand.People who are overweight are more likely to have insulin resistance, because fat interferes with the body’s ability to use insulin.Type 2 diabetes usually occurs gradually. Most people with the disease are overweight at the time of diagnosis. However, type 2 diabetes can also develop in those who are thin, especially the elderly.Family history and genetics play a large role in type 2 diabetes. Low activity level, poor diet, and excess body weight significantly increase your risk for type 2 diabetes.

Type 2 diabetes used to be known as maturity onset, or non-insulin-dependent diabetes. It develops mainly in people older than the age of 40. In the UK about one in 20 people aged over 65 and around one in five people over 85 have diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is now becoming more common in children and in young people.The number of people with type 2 diabetes is increasing in the UK, as it is more common in people who are overweight or obese. It also tends to run in families. It is around five times more common in South Asian and African-Caribbean people. It is estimated that there are around 750,000 people in the UK with type 2 diabetes who have not yet been diagnosed with the condition.

The buildup of sugar in the blood can cause an increase in urination. When the kidneys lose the glucose through the urine, a large amount of water is also lost, causing dehydration. When a person with type 2 diabetes becomes severely dehydrated and is not able to drink enough fluids to make up for the fluid losses, they may develop this life threatening. Damage to the body. Over time, the high glucose levels in the blood may damage the nerves and small blood vessels of the eyes, kidneys, and heart and predispose a person to atherosclerosis of the large arteries that can cause heart attack and stroke.

Over time, the high blood glucose levels from uncontrolled diabetes can cause serious long term health problems with virtually every system in your body. Eventually, they may cause damage to the insulin producing beta cells of the pancreas, reducing insulin output. An early diagnosis is important to prevent some of the other more serious complications of diabetes, which include heart disease, high blood pressure, nerve damage, and kidney failure. Fortunately, in many cases type 2 diabetes can be adequately controlled through a combination of proper nutrition, exercise, and metformin which your doctor may prescribe which is usually the first line of treatment. However, some people with type 2 diabetes do require oral medications or insulin injections.

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